Management in Health Care Term Paper
Frederick W. Taylor, Philip Crosby and Dr. W. Edwards Deming are regarded as the
quality gurus. Their approaches were different in technique, emphasis and
application but their objective was the same i.e. continuous improvement of a
product or service. Frederick W. Taylor is the first one to try to use new
approaches to develop the work of untrained workers in industrial organizations.
Due to his general approach of investigation and application of some fundamental
concepts to physical work, he was given the title of “father of scientific
management.
According to Crosby quality was conformity to certain specification and
management and not some unclear concept of goodness set it forth. In his words
quality could be defined as conformance to requirements. It should not be
regarded as goodness or elegance. To cause quality, prevention was needed and
not appraisal. Zero Defects must be adopted as the performance standard and
‘that’s close enough is not applicable.
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Frederick Taylor
In the same way Taylor has also revealed a few elements of his management theory
in his book ‘The Principles of Scientific Management’.
According to Taylor the task in every organization should be defined clearly to
each person, each day. Standard tools and conditions should be provided to the
workers to finish their jobs. After the successful completion of the task the
workers should be rewarded generously. Taylor’s theory demonstrated for the
first time that economic pie could be increased by the application of work and
knowledge. In the beginning it was considered that application of capital and
labor was the key to any successful economic endeavor. However he separated
planning from work improvement and as a result the isolation between workers and
responsibility for improving work occurred. It was a devastating blow to
craftsmanship.
Dr. W. Edwards Deming
As per Deming, senior management actions and decisions are to be held
responsible for the quality. It is not the result of actions taken by workers.
The performance of work is determined by the system of work and the environment
necessary to achieve it. The senior managers are the ones who decide which
products or services are to be selected for sale and which market should be
selected for this purpose.
There are common as well as special causes that contribute to the variation in
product or service quality. Deming has attempted to separate these two causes.
Dr. Deming’s famous 14 points is a very effective management guideline which
brings higher profits, increased productivity and cultivate a better environment
for efficient workplace. According to Deming we should create and communicate to
all employees a statement of aims and purposes of the company. The continual
improvement of a company is only possible when the redefinition of the company’s
purposes is done regularly. Innovation and research is the main element for
survival and growth of a company. The philosophy and economics of the industries
are always changing and it is our duty to adapt accordingly. It is a must to
incorporate quality into a product and this practice should continue throughout
the production process. Dr. Deming also emphasized that we should work
constantly to improve quality and productivity. It is far better to create trust
among the workers by driving out fear from them. He was very much against
intradepartmental conflicts. In his opinion it was a must to strive to reduce
this kind of destructing practice at any cost. Pride of workmanship was an
essential trait and every effort was recommended to remove the barriers that rob
people of their pride.
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Philip Crosby
Crosby focused on Zero Defects and to create a manufacturing process that has
zero defects, a tone and atmosphere must be set by the management and the
employees should follow this tone. If the management that the employees cannot
be held responsible if the things go astray and defects do not set the Zero
defects tone occur. This system of zero defects causes a dramatic decrease in
wasted resources and production of those items, which are not required by the
customers. However, his idea of zero defects was very difficult to implement. It
was also not accepted universally as many organizations were not able to apply
this theory successfully. As a matter of fact these failures cannot be
attributed to the theory itself but the failures may reflect that the senior
managers were not able to implement the approaches correctly.
Important Concerns
ITT Corporation
Martin Marietha
Crosley
HPA Corporation
IBM
Microsoft
The ideas of great thinkers and philosophers like Crosby, Taylor and Deming
became so popular that they were incorporated in almost all big and small
professions in USA and abroad. The idea for quality improvement was adopted in
health care management in every hospital and health care concern. In the same
way total quality management philosophy was adopted nationally and
internationally by all the major and minor health care concern. As per Deming,
senior management actions and decisions are to be held responsible for the
quality. It is not the result of actions taken by workers. This theory was very
much adopted by the medical concern and it became very popular. In fact any
theory, which was successfully doing the job and giving a push to the concern
was very much in demand and it has the same demand in the present age.
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Health profile in New Mexico
The health condition in New Mexico has been greatly improved. Patient Care and
research programs are forming productive results in that area. The health care
needs of New Mexico and especially of the rural population are still in need of
support from the local and federal governments. New Mexico is an extremely
competitive health care marketplace. Recently the medical managed care has been
introduced here. There is a need to develop centers in many areas like
Epidemiology; Population based Biomedical Research, Oncology, Immunology,
Molecular Genetics and Infectious Diseases.
SWOT
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis has been a useful
tool for health care system. The medical professionals were given an opportunity
to make their decision based on the SWOT report. Since SWOT examines the
organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses and at the same time the
environments, the opportunities and threats are considered. Thus it is serving
to uplift the quality of human resources, improving the standard of technology,
reducing the cost of treatment and providing satisfaction to the doctors and
clinical consumers.
Works Cited
Electronic Patient Records & Project Management for Healthcare IT Professionals,
November 6, 2002,
http://www.iirgulf.com/epr/index.cfm/Action=TextOnly/t=m
Frequently Asked Questions, November 6, 2002,
http://www.libertylutheran.org/qi/faq.htm
CROSBY ON QUALITY MANAGEMENT – REVIEW, BY ELIZABETH HENRIQUES, Submitted: 30th
April 2002
http://www.insureconsultants.com/Liz_Web_Page/BUS_2003.htm
Change Resistant Managers and Workers, December 11, 1998
http://sd.znet.com/~sdsampe/511tp05.htm
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